fuel injection systems

What you need to find out is the purpose and how they work of each of the components below.
ECU- Electronic control unit?
Mass air flow sensor?
Air Temp sensor?
TPS throttle position sensor?
Throttle body?
Temp sensor?
fuel rail?
Fuel pressure regulator?
Injectors?
Idle air control?
O2 sensor ( lambda sensor)?
Map sensor?
Plenum chamber?
Camshaft & Crankshaft sensor?
Who invented fuel injection and when?
Explane how an single and mutli injection system works?
What does EFI stand for

ECU is an electronic control unit which regulates the input and output of required fuel, oxygen to the engine,

MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR:Mass air flow sensor is a device detect the amount air entering a fuel injected internal combustion engine to balance and deliver the correct fuel by communicating with ecu.

AIR TEMPARATURE SENSOR.Intake air temperature helps the ECU calculate the density of the incoming air as a part of its determining how much fuel to add cold air is more denser and has more oxyzen as the result engine needs more fuel.
TROTTLE POSITION SENSOR:A throttle position sensor (TPS) is a sensor used to monitor the position of the thIn fuel injected engines THE THROTTLE BODY:
the throttle body consists of air intake system which controls the amount of air entering into the engine, which responds to operators accelerator pedal input in the main. The throttle body is located between the air filter box and the intake manifold, and it is usually attached to, or near, the mass airflow sensor.
The largest piece inside the throttle body is the throttle plate, which is a butterfly valve that regulates the airflow.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR:when the engine is cold,fuel has much more trouble vapourizing so the a engine needs more fuel to get a decent burn.
FUEL RAIL:A fuel rail is a pipe designed to deliver fuel to individual fuel injectors on internal combustion engines. It has a seat for each injector and an inlet for a fuel supply. Some fuel rails may have an attached fuel pressure regulator. Fuel rails are used on engines with multi-point fuel injection systems, some multi-point systems use a fuel distributor with individual pipes or tubes for each injector.

FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR:Fuel pressure regulators in the car are designed to maintain constant fuel pressure.

INJECTORS:
Thefuel injectors are electronically controlled valves that open when we apply electric current across their terminals to let fuel flow through an injector and to the intake manifold.They also
have needle shaped valve are called pintle.

IDLE AIR CONTROL:In addition to the trottle body another valve that lets the air into the engine the idle air control valve,this like a smaller throttle controlled by the ECU to control the idle speed.
O2 SENSOR:These sensor designed to communicate with the ECU telling air/fuel ratio 14.7:1

MAP SENSOR:This is also known as Manifold absolute pressure sensor,it read the absolute pressure from intake manifold.
PLENUM CHAMBER:The plenum runner design has the runner connected to a large open chamber which is plenum.A single valve called a throttle body lets air into the plenum,and the tubes branch off the plenum to deliver air to the cylinders.
EFI:Efi stands for electronic fuel injection.
WHO INVENTED FUEL INJECTION:

fuel injection invented by swedish scientist Jonas Hassleman in 1925